«Бинишеллы» выглядят ультрасовременно — они похожи на полусферические бетонные «пузыри» на поверхности земли. 

Оказывается, эта идея взята из прошлого, ей уже почти 50 лет. Еще в 1960-х архитектор Данте Бини запатентовал методику возведения зданий без применения тяжелой строительной техники. Он придумал использовать низкое давление воздуха, чтобы, в буквальном смысле этого слова, «надувать» конструкции из влажного бетона и стальной арматуры. По этой методике было построено более 1600 зданий в 23 странах.

Современный проект «бинишеллов» принадлежит сыну создателя методики, Николо Бини, который усовершенствовал технологию отца. Сохранив прежние преимущества — современный вид, экономичность и быстроту возведения, — нынешние «бинишеллы», в духе модных веяний, весьма экологичны. В частности, эта технология позволяет снизить затраты строительных материалов на 80% (что, еще и выгодно). Кроме того, почти игрушечные на вид «бинишеллы» на самом деле являются очень прочными конструкциями, способными противостоять ураганам, наводнениям и землетрясениям. 

Усовершенствованная технология также позволяет строить «бинишеллы» различных форм и размеров для любых целей: школы, офисные здания, жилые дома, аэропорты — оставляя огромный простор для фантазии дизайнеров и архитекторов.

По мнению Николо Бини, «бинишеллы» являются олицетворением самого передового метода возведения зданий, который позволит существенно удешевить строительство в целом.

Взято с сайта Binishell System.

Взято с сайта TreeHugger:

Names You Need To Know In 2011: Binishells

This post is part of an ongoing effort to crowd-source a repeating feature in Forbes magazine entitled Names You Need to Know. We are looking for the people, places, products and ideas that will have significant impact in the near future. Join the ongoing conversation here.

Binishells Home

Imagine the Flintstones meet the Jetsons. The stone age is back and reconfigured for the future. Houses of the future could soon look more like what Fred and Wilma used to live in with a contemporary touch. They’re made of concrete, but mimick the hemispherical dome like structures of George and Judy Jetson’s home in outerspace. They’re called, thin-shell concrete structures. And Dr. Powel Draper, in a PhD paper published by Princeton University Press in September of 2008, said that thin-shell concrete structures are the most energy efficient buildings on the planet.

What is a thin shell concrete structure? It’s basically a shell made out of one slab of concrete. So, it’s one material stretched to create the structure, which means fewer leaks for energy to escape, except for at doors and windows. The International Energy Agency has said that by eliminating those leaks, which are typically caused when different materials come together such as sheetrock, wood beams and studs, it can reduce energy usage by up to 90% in buildings.

On top of that, the materials used to make the thin-shell concrete structure are more environmentally friendly than traditional ones. The building industry traditionally is a greater pollutant than transportation. In fact, the International Energy Agency says the most efficient way of curbing CO2 emissions is by changing construction codes around the world and making new construction greener. Using more concrete is one way to reduce the industry’s carbon footprint. Arup Engineering has said that concrete is the most energy-efficient material. It has one-quarter the carbon footprint of wood, and steel, depending on the type used, embodies 50x to 100x more energy than that of concrete.

So if these thin-shell concrete structures save energy and the environment, plus are praised by the U.S. Army Corp. Of Engineers as strong enough to resist earthquakes and other natural disasters, then why aren’t they mass marketed already?

“The achilles heal to them has been in the way they were built,” explains Nicolo Bini, who’s father, Dr. Dante Bini created a unique process of building thin-shell concrete structures in the 1960s. “The way they’ve been built in the past hasn’t been cost-effective or efficient.”

Some in the construction industry have used wood as the framework to build thin-shell concrete structures in the past. With lots of manpower and materials, they build a framework for the house, then pour the concrete on top. Once the concrete sets, the wood is removed and tossed away, leaving the thin concrete structure. So, they’d basically be building the structure twice, once with wood, then with concrete — leaving wood waste. Construction and demolition of housing waste accounts for 40% of the world’s waste, according to a paper from the proceedings of the 2007 international Conference of Sustainable Solid Waste Management.

“That’s what we’re trying to eliminate,” explains Bini, Founder, CEO of Binishells. “We are building these structures with less waste. They’re also more environmentally friendly.”

The Binishells’ foundation is a typical building foundation called “slab on grade.” On the the foundation they attach the membrane, which is basically a gigantic air pillow. On top of the membrane they place the reinforcement steel – which is typically rebar as found at home depot and then concrete is poured on top of the rebar. But it isn’t the standard concrete. Concrete is made of 85%-90% sand, stone and water. The other 10%-15% is Portland Cement, which is a polluting element. Binishells is removing nearly 70% of that cement and replacing it with fly ash, which is a biproduct of the coal mining industry. Fly ash normally ends up in land fills. It’s tough to get rid of it. So, instead of creating new waste, Binishells is using existing waste to to create its concrete. Now, while the concrete is wet they inflate the membrane with low-air pressure. They smooth the concrete by hand and let it set. The result is a reinforced concrete shell in which they place doors and windows. But there’s little or no waste because the doors and windows are designed in so they don’t have to make cuts. Plus, the membrane is re-useable.

What makes them applicable to eco-resorts is they’re organic in the way they’re built, in they way they work in terms of their energy efficiency, and in the way they can nicely fit into the landscape as they can be covered in grass.

Dr. Dante Bini built his first thin-shell concrete structure in this way in 1964 in Italy. He’s built 1600 since in 23 countries.

His son, Nicolo, has his sights set on capitalizing on the $187 billion low-cost housing market (Source: Global Urban Development magazine, November 2008).

In China, India and Brazil, between now and 2012, for example, more than 50 million homes are needed, according to their housing agencies.

“That’s our primary target…but we’re also looking at partnering with the military and helping with disaster relief efforts as more than 20 million people are displaced by natural disasters each year,” says Bini. “We can move into disaster-stricken areas quickly and for $15 to $20 per square foot, we can have these buildings up within a week.”

Just as a basis for comparison, a typical military tent costs between $30 and 80 per square foot.

In January, 2011, Binishells is bringing its products to market. It starting with the launch of 500 homes in Pakistan, 3,000 homes in Angola, and has an eco-development in the works in Guatamala, and another in Costa Rica.

Do you think that Binishells is a name you need to know? Please write you comments in the comment section below. I’d love to hear your ideas on the construction industry and the future of green building.

Взято с сайта http://blogs.forbes.com

Сайт компании Binishells.